XHTML HowTo

How W3Schools Was Converted To XHTML

W3Schools was converted from HTML to XHTML the weekend of 18. and 19. December 1999, by Hege Refsnes and Ståle Refsnes.

To convert a Web site from HTML to XHTML, you should be familiar with the XHTML syntax rules of the previous chapters. The following steps were executed (in the order listed below):

A DOCTYPE Was Added

The following DOCTYPE was added to the first line of every page:

Tip: Your pages must have a DOCTYPE declaration if you want them to validate as correct XHTML.

Lowercase Tags And Attribute Names

A general "find-and-replace" function was executed to replace all uppercase tags with lowercase tags. The same was done for attribute names.

All Attribute Values Were Quoted

Every page in W3Schools.com was checked to see that attribute values were quoted.

Empty Tags: <hr> , <br> and <img>

Empty tags are not allowed in XHTML. The <hr> and <br> tags should be replaced with <hr /> and <br />.

A general "find-and-replace" function was executed to swap the tags.

We decided not to close the <img> tags with </img>, but with /> at the end of the tag. This was done manually.

IMPORTANT Compatibility Note:

To make your XHTML compatible with today's browsers, you should add an extra space before the "/" symbol.

W3Schools Was Validated

Finally, all our pages were validated against the official W3C DTD Validator:

W3C XHTML Validator.

A few more errors were found and edited manually. The most common error was missing </li> tags in lists.

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