PHP htmlspecialchars() Function
 Complete PHP String Reference
Definition and Usage
The htmlspecialchars() function converts some predefined characters to HTML entities.
The predefined characters are:
- & (ampersand) becomes &
- " (double quote) becomes "
- ' (single quote) becomes '
- < (less than) becomes <
- > (greater than) becomes >
Syntax
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htmlspecialchars(string,quotestyle,character-set)
|
| Parameter |
Description |
| string |
Required. Specifies the string to convert |
| quotestyle |
Optional. Specifies how to encode single and double quotes. The available quote styles
are:
- ENT_COMPAT - Default. Encodes only double quotes
- ENT_QUOTES - Encodes double and single quotes
- ENT_NOQUOTES - Does not encode any quotes
|
| character-set |
Optional. A string that specifies which character-set to
use. Allowed values are:
- ISO-8859-1 - Default. Western European
- ISO-8859-15 - Western European (adds the Euro sign + French
and Finnish letters missing in ISO-8859-1)
- UTF-8 - ASCII compatible multi-byte 8-bit Unicode
- cp866 - DOS-specific Cyrillic charset
- cp1251 - Windows-specific Cyrillic charset
- cp1252 - Windows specific charset for Western European
- KOI8-R - Russian
- BIG5 - Traditional Chinese, mainly used in Taiwan
- GB2312 - Simplified Chinese, national standard character set
- BIG5-HKSCS - Big5 with Hong Kong extensions
- Shift_JIS - Japanese
- EUC-JP - Japanese
|
Tips and Notes
Note: Unrecognized character-sets will be ignored and replaced by ISO-8859-1.
Example 1
<html>
<body>
<?php
$str = "Jane & 'Tarzan'";
echo htmlspecialchars($str, ENT_COMPAT);
echo "<br />";
echo htmlspecialchars($str, ENT_QUOTES);
echo "<br />";
echo htmlspecialchars($str, ENT_NOQUOTES);
?>
</body>
</html>
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The browser output of the code above will be:
Jane & 'Tarzan'
Jane & 'Tarzan'
Jane & 'Tarzan'
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If you select "View source" in the browser window, you will see the following
HTML:
<html>
<body>
Jane & 'Tarzan'<br />
Jane & 'Tarzan'<br />
Jane & 'Tarzan'
</body>
</html>
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