The History of AI
History of AI and ML
| 1950 | Alan Turing publishes "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" |
| 1952 | Arthur Samuel develops a self-learning program to play checkers |
| 1956 | Artificial Intelligence used by John McCarthy in a conference |
| 1957 | First programming language for numeric and scientific computing (FORTRAN) |
| 1958 | First AI programming language (LISP) |
| 1959 | Arthur Samuel used the term Machine Learning |
| 1959 | John McCarthy and Marvin Minsky founded the MIT Artificial Intelligence Project |
| 1961 | First industrial Robot (Unimate) on the assembly line at General Motors |
| 1965 | ELIZA by Joseph Weizenbaum was the first program that could communicate on any topic |
| 1972 | First logic programming language (PROLOG) |
| 1991 | U.S. forces uses DART (automated logistics planning and scheduling) in the Gulf war |
| 1997 | Deep Blue (IBM) beats the world champion in chess |
| 2002 | The first robot cleaner (Roomba) |
| 2005 | Self-driving car (STANLEY) wins DARPA |
| 2008 | Breakthrough in speech recognition (Google) |
| 2011 | A neural network wins over humans in traffic sign recognition (99.46% vs 99.22%) |
| 2011 | Apple Siri |
| 2011 | Watson (IBM) wins Jeopardy! |
| 2014 | Amazon Alexa |
| 2014 | Microsoft Cortana |
| 2014 | Self-driving car (Google) passes a state driving test |
| 2015 | Google AlphaGo defeated various human champions in the board game Go |
| 2016 | The human robot Sofia by Hanson Robotics |
Why AI Now?
One of the greatest innovators in the field of machine learning was John McCarthy, widely recognized as the "Father of Artificial Intelligence".
In the mid 1950s, McCarthy coined the term "Artificial Intelligence" and defined it as "the science of making intelligent machines".
The algorithms has been here since then. Why is AI more interesting now?
The answer is:
- Computing power has not been strong enough
- Computer storage has not been large enough
- Big data has not been available
- Fast Internet has not been available
Another strong force is the major investments from big companies (Google, Microsoft, Facebook, YouTube) because their datasets became much too big to handle traditionally.
Man vs Machine
| Man | Computer |
|---|---|
| Smart | Stupid |
| Slow | Fast |
| Inaccurate | Accurate |
Interesting Questions
Studying AI raises many interesting questions:
"Can computers think like humans?"
"Can computers be smarter than humans?"
"Can computers take over the world?"
Machines can understand verbal commands, recognize faces, drive cars, and play games better than us.
How long will it take before they walk among us?
Artificial Intelligence Films
| 1927 | Metropolis Science-Fiction film. Rated as one of the greatest and most influential films ever made. |
| 1951 | The Day the Earth Stood Still Science-Fiction film. Rated by the US National Film Registry in 1995 as culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. |
| 1968 | 2001 A Space Odyssey Epic Science-Fiction film. Rated by the US Library of Congress in 1991 as culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. |
| 1973 | Westworld |
| 1977 | Star Wars |
| 1977 | Demon Seed |
| 1982 | Blade Runner |
| 1983 | WarGames |
| 1984 | The Terminator |
| 1985 | D.A.R.Y. Science-Fiction film. "DARYL (acronym for "Data-Analyzing Robot Youth Lifeform") in an artificial intelligence experiment created by the government. |
| 1986 | Short Circuit |
| 1987 | RoboCop |
| 1994 | Star Trek |
| 1999 | Bicentennial Man |
| 1999 | The Matrix |
| 2001 | A.I. (Spielberg) |
| 2004 | I, Robot |
| 2009 | Moon |
| 2013 | Her |
| 2013 | The Machine |
| 2014 | Autómata |
| 2015 | Ex Machina |
| 2016 | Westworld HBO Series |
| 2016 | Infinity Chamber |
| 2018 | Tau |
| 2019 | I am Mother |
| 2019 | iHuman Documentary |
| 2020 | Coded Bias Documentary |
